Scientific Discourse Ontology Specification

This version:
http://swan.mindinformatics.org/spec/1.2/scientificdiscourse.html (owl)
Latest version:
http://swan.mindinformatics.org/spec/1.2/scientificdiscourse.html (owl)
Previous version:
Scientific Discourse ontology V. 1.1 (owl)
Last update:
Date: 2009/01/14 23:30:00
Revision:
Revision: 1.2
Authors:
Paolo Ciccarese - Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School
Contributors:
Tim Clark - Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School
June Kinoshita - Alzheimer Research Forum
Marco Ocana - Balboa Systems Inc.
Gwen Wong - Alzheimer Research Forum
Elizabeth Wu - Alzheimer Research Forum
Alan Ruttenberg - Science Commons

Copyright © 2007-2009 by Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachussets, USA.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License. This copyright applies to the SWAN Ontology Specification and accompanying documentation in RDF. Regarding underlying technology, SWAN uses W3C's RDF technology, an open Web standard that can be freely used by anyone.

This visual layout and structure of the specification was adapted from the FOAF Vocabulary Specification by Paolo Ciccarese.

Abstract

SWAN (Semantic Web Applications in Neuromedicine) is an interdisciplinary project to develop a practical, common, semantically-structured, framework for biomedical discourse initially applied, but not limited, to significant problems in Alzheimer Disease (AD) research. The ontology of Scientific Discourse has been developed in the context of building a series of applications for biomedical researchers, as well as extensive discussions and collaborations with the larger bio-ontologies community.

Status of this document

This specification is currently an evolving document and it is not yet complete.

Table of contents

1. Introduction

The SWAN Scientific Discourse ontology represents the current semantic backbone of the SWAN project. The purpose of the ontology is:

  • to function as the schema of a distributed knowledgebase in Alzheimer Disease, and
  • to link information in that knowledgebase with other information in biomedicine.

1.1. Terminology and notation

The keywords "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.

Namespace URIs of the general form "http://www.example.com/" represent some application-dependent or context-dependent URI as defined in RFC 2396.

The XML Namespace URIs that MUST be used by implementations of this specification is: http://swan.mindinformatics.org/ontologies/1.2/discourse-elements/

2. Scientific Discourse at a Glance

An alphabetical index of Scientific Discourse ontology terms, by class (concepts) and by property (relationships, attributes), are given below. All the terms are hyperlinked to their detailed description for quick reference.

Classes: | CanonicalResearchStetement | DiscourseElement | DiscourseElementQualifier | DiscourseItem | DiscourseList | ReifiedAlternativeTo | ReifiedConsistentWith | ReifiedInconsistentWith | ReifiedRelatedTo | ResearchComment | ResearchQuestion | ResearchStatement |

Properties: | contains | containsDiscourseList | description | evolvedFrom | evolvedFromList | hasCanonicalForm | refersToAsMainTopic | title |


Properties imported from the Discourse Relationships vocabulary: | alternativeTo collections Item | consistentWith collections Item | inconsistentWith collections Item | inResponseTo collections Item | motivatedBy collections Item | relevantTo collections Item |

3. The Scientific Discourse ontology overview

The ontology of discourse at the core of SWAN is, in Hausser's terminology, a "[+sense, +constructive]" ontology [1], that is, an ontology about what is said, rather than about agreed upon objective facts; with intensional definition of meaning (normal for biology).

The DiscourseElements in the ontology characterize digital resources which themselves contain statements in English or other languages. Each DiscourseElement may also be linked dynamically to terms or statements in other domain ontologies and folksonomies, which classify or describe it in terms of relatively undisputed facts or objective categories (in Hausser's framework, "-constructive" ontologies).

Thus, the SWAN discourse ontology captures a middle, transitional ground between the more inventive, fluid, multihued, nuanced, contentious, and inherently ambiguous flow of natural language - in which scientific discourse is conducted - and the far more controlled, formal, unambiguous, rigorous, and fixed nature of formal ontologies "about" the science.

[1] Hausser R. The Four Basic Ontologies of Semantic Interpretation. Tenth European-Japanese Conference on Information Modeling and Knowledge Bases, Saariselkä, Finland, IOS Press, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 2000.

4. The Scientific Discourse ontology description

DiscourseElements are narrative objects and have a simple set of attributes (besides the provenance information a title and a description) but a very important variety of relationships. In order to give an idea of the properties involving the discourse elements we take into consideration an example of a generic research statement.

Discourse Elements relationships

Figure 1 - Some of the possible relationships of a research statement

In figure 1 is depict a possible instantiation showing some relationships between the primary research statement and other SWAN entities. In this particular case, the research statement is "derivedFrom" a Web Article. The relationship "derivedFrom" is used to assert that the research statement is mirroring a digital resource, in this case, an article published on the web. This distinguishes a derived resource from one created from scratch by an author in the SWAN environment. At the same time each Research Statement in a discourse may (should, in fact) cite as evidence other digital resources ("citesAsEvidence"), or Life Science Entities through "citesLifeScienceEntity".

Discourse List

Figure 2 - How the discourse list of a research statement (or a discourse element in general) is defined

ResearchStatements may contain an ordered list (figure 2) of other DiscourseElements ("contains/containedBy" relationship) representing a logical narrative or discourse. The proper order of the contained entities establishes the logical flow of discourse expressed by the original resource. The contained entities can be defined from scratch or partially/fully reused if already present.

After the original hypothesis has been detailed using nested DiscourseElements in the proper order, it is possible to relate each DiscourseElement to others (Figure 3). This is done with the set of relationships "discusses", "inconsistentWith", "consistentWith", and "alternativeTo".

Discourse Elements relationships

Figure 3 - Relationships between discourse elements that have been originated as manifestation of the content itself.

For specifying editing and authoring on the created resource (Research Statement), it is important to distinguish in between creation of original and non-original content. In the case of non-original document we aspect the content to reflect some other publication (in figure 4 - Journal Article). The process of transforming the textual content of a Journal Article into SWAN scientific discourse is performed by one or more curators (identified by the relationships pav:curatedBy and pav:curators which points to an ordered list). We also have the agent who is creating the resource in the application (in figure 4 - Paolo Ciccarese) and the agent who updated the resource last (in figure 4 - Elizabeth Wu).

Discourse Element authoring

Figure 4 - Authoring of a non-original "ResearchStatement".

In the case of an original contribution we can define authors (through the relationships pav:authoredBy and pav:authors). We still have the creators of the resource and it is possible to have curators (in figure 5 - Paolo Ciccarese) whose role in SWAN is to assure that the content is created and organized according to the SWAN publishing guidelines.

Discourse Element authoring

Figure 5 - Authoring of an original "ResearchStatement".

If the relationships in between DiscourseElements (consistentWith, inconsistentWith, discusses, alternativeTo) are not originated as manifestation of the content itself, it is necessary to encode a reified version of them (using our reification ontology).

Reified consistency relationship

Figure 6 - Reified "consistentWith" relationship. Same approach is valid for the"discusses", "inconsistentWith" and "alternativeTo" relationships.

Unfortunately, with reification, the reasoning becomes problematic. Sometimes we want to have the simple relationship without the statements related to the reified version of it.

Reification of Discusses

Figure 7 - Reified "consistentWith" relationship where also the relationship "rdf:property" is depicted. Such relationship, when used, makes OWL becoming Full, thus, doesn't have to be used if OWL-DL is a requirement. The black dashed "consistentWith" relationship is displayed for clarifying the reification process. It doesn't have to be present in the knowledge base.

What would be possible to do is to use the information of the reified relationships to create the simple relationships for reasoning. In this process it will be also possible, for example, to prune the reified relationship by provenance.

 

SWAN Canonical Research Statement

Figure 8 - Usage of the "Canonical Research Statement" class.

5. Cross-reference for Scientific Discourse classes and properties

Class: discourse-elements:CanonicalResearchStatement

CanonicalResearchStatement -

sub-class-of: DiscourseElement

Class: discourse-elements:DiscourseElement

DiscourseElement -

Class: discourse-elements:DiscourseElementQualifier

DiscourseElementQualifier -

sub-class-of: skos:Concept collections Item

Class: discourse-elements:DiscourseItem

DiscourseItem -

sub-class-of: collections:Item collections Item

Class: discourse-elements:DiscourseList

DiscourseList -

sub-class-of: collections:List collections Item

Class: discourse-elements:ReifiedAlternativeTo

ReifiedAlternativeTo -

sub-class-of: reif:ReifiedBinaryRelationship collections Item

Class: discourse-elements:ReifiedConsistentWith

ReifiedConsistentWith -

sub-class-of: reif:ReifiedBinaryRelationship collections Item

Class: discourse-elements:ReifiedInconsistentWith

ReifiedInconsistentWith -

sub-class-of: reif:ReifiedBinaryRelationship collections Item

Class: discourse-elements:ReifiedRelevantTo

ReifiedRelevantTo -

sub-class-of: reif:ReifiedBinaryRelationship collections Item

Class: discourse-elements:ResearchComment

ResearchComment -

sub-class-of: DiscourseElement

Class: discourse-elements:ResearchQuestion

ResearchQuestion -

sub-class-of: DiscourseElement

Class: discourse-elements:ResearchStatement

ResearchStatement -

sub-class-of: DiscourseElement

Property: discourse-elements:contains

contains -

Domain: discourse-elements:DiscourseElement
Range: discourse-elements:DiscourseElement

Property: discourse-elements:containsDiscourseList

containsDiscourseList -

Domain: discourse-elements:DiscourseElement
Range: discourse-elements:DiscourseList

Property: discourse-elements:description

description - The description of the Discourse Element.

Domain: discourse-elements:DiscourseElement
Range: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal

Property: discourse-elements:evolvedFrom

evolvedFrom -

Domain: discourse-elements:DiscourseElement
Range: discourse-elements:DiscourseElement

Property: discourse-elements:evolvedFromList

evolvedFromList -

Domain: discourse-elements:DiscourseElement
Range: discourse-elements:DiscourseElement

Property: discourse-elements:hasCanonicalForm

evolvedFromList -

Domain: discourse-elements:ResearchStatement
Range: discourse-elements:CanonicalResearchStatement

Property: discourse-elements:refersToAsMainTopic

refersToAsMainTopic -

sub-property-of: discourse-relationships:refersTo External link
Domain: discourse-elements:DiscourseElement
Range: lses:Lse External link

Property: discourse-elements:title

title - The title of the discourse element. It is usually a self contained sentence.

Domain: discourse-elements:DiscourseElement
Range: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal

6. Pellet reasoner validation results

OWL Species: DL
DL Expressivity: SHIF(D)
Consistent: Yes
Time: 4281 ms (Loading: 3303 Species Validation: 817 Consistency: 10 Classification: 150 )

Classification:

owl:Thing
    foaf:OnlineAccount
    skos:ConceptScheme
    collections:Collection
        collections:Set
        collections:Bag
            collections:List
                agents:AgentAndPersonNameList
                discourse-elements:DiscourseList
                agents:AgentList
                agents:GroupPersonOrganizationPersonNameList
    collections:Item
        collections:ListItem
            agents:AgentListItem
            agents:GroupPersonOrganizationPersonNameListItem
            agents:AgentOrPersonNameListItem
            discourse-elements:DiscourseItem
    skos:Collection
    agents:PersonName
    skos:Concept
        qualifiers:QualifierConcept
    qualifiers:Qualifier
        qualifiers:QualifierConcept
    foaf:Agent
        agents:Software
        foaf:Group
        foaf:Person
        foaf:Organization
    foaf:Project
    foaf:Document
        foaf:Image
        foaf:PersonalProfileDocument
    discourse-elements:DiscourseElement
        discourse-elements:ResearchQuestion
        discourse-elements:ResearchStatement
        discourse-elements:CanonicalResearchStatement
        discourse-elements:ResearchComment
    reification:Relationship
        reification:BinaryRelationship
            agents:ReifiedAka
            discourse-elements:ReifiedAlternativeTo
            discourse-elements:ReifiedConsistentWith
            discourse-elements:ReifiedRelevantTo
            discourse-elements:ReifiedInconsistentWith

Non OWL-Lite features used:
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount qualifiers:Qualifier))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount agents:PersonName collections:Item))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:Project foaf:Document))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(agents:PersonName agents:Software foaf:OnlineAccount foaf:Project foaf:Document skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept reification:Relationship))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:Project foaf:Document foaf:OnlineAccount))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(agents:Software)
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount agents:PersonName qualifiers:Qualifier))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(agents:PersonName foaf:OnlineAccount reification:Relationship))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Document foaf:OnlineAccount))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Document agents:PersonName agents:Software collections:Item collections:Collection skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept qualifiers:Qualifier reification:Relationship))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(agents:PersonName agents:Software))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(agents:PersonName foaf:Agent skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept reification:Relationship))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Agent agents:PersonName))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(agents:PersonName qualifiers:Qualifier))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Project discourse-elements:ResearchStatement discourse-elements:ResearchQuestion qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection reification:Relationship))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Document agents:Software agents:PersonName collections:Item skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept qualifiers:Qualifier reification:Relationship))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(agents:PersonName foaf:Document))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(agents:Software agents:PersonName collections:Item))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(qualifiers:Qualifier skos:Concept skos:Collection skos:ConceptScheme))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(collections:Item collections:Collection))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(foaf:Agent)
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(discourse-elements:DiscourseElement)
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(agents:PersonName foaf:Agent skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept qualifiers:Qualifier reification:Relationship))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(collections:Item collections:Collection agents:PersonName))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(agents:PersonName)
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:OnlineAccount discourse-elements:ResearchStatement discourse-elements:ResearchQuestion))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Document foaf:OnlineAccount discourse-elements:ResearchStatement discourse-elements:ResearchComment))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Document agents:PersonName collections:Item collections:Collection skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept qualifiers:Qualifier reification:Relationship))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Project qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(collections:Item collections:Collection qualifiers:Qualifier))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:OnlineAccount agents:PersonName collections:Item collections:Collection qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept reification:Relationship))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount qualifiers:Qualifier))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Document discourse-elements:ResearchStatement discourse-elements:ResearchComment qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount agents:PersonName collections:Item qualifiers:Qualifier))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Agent agents:PersonName collections:Item))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Project qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection reification:Relationship))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(collections:Item)
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Document qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(agents:PersonName foaf:OnlineAccount))
Complement Class: owl:complementOf construct is used complementOf(unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount agents:PersonName collections:Item))
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(qualifiers:Qualifier foaf:OnlineAccount)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Concept reification:Relationship)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Agent foaf:Project)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(qualifiers:Qualifier foaf:Project)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Concept collections:Item)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Concept skos:ConceptScheme)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Image foaf:PersonalProfileDocument)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Group foaf:Organization)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Project foaf:Agent)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Concept foaf:Agent)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:OnlineAccount foaf:Agent)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Document foaf:Agent)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(collections:Collection foaf:Agent)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(reification:Relationship collections:Item)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(collections:Item agents:PersonName)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(qualifiers:Qualifier collections:Collection)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Person foaf:Organization)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(collections:Item foaf:Document)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Collection reification:Relationship)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:ConceptScheme agents:PersonName)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:DiscourseElement collections:Item)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:DiscourseElement skos:ConceptScheme)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(reification:Relationship foaf:Agent)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:ConceptScheme foaf:Document)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(qualifiers:Qualifier skos:Collection)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:PersonalProfileDocument foaf:Image)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:DiscourseElement foaf:Agent)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Collection collections:Item)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Collection skos:ConceptScheme)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:DiscourseElement skos:Concept)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Person foaf:Group)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(collections:Item foaf:OnlineAccount)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Collection foaf:Agent)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:ConceptScheme foaf:OnlineAccount)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Collection skos:Concept)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:DiscourseElement qualifiers:Qualifier)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Organization foaf:Group)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(collections:Item foaf:Project)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:ConceptScheme foaf:Project)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Concept agents:PersonName)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:CanonicalResearchStatement discourse-elements:ResearchStatement)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Project foaf:Document)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Concept foaf:Document)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:OnlineAccount foaf:Document)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:ResearchQuestion discourse-elements:ResearchStatement)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(qualifiers:Qualifier reification:Relationship)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(agents:Software foaf:Organization)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(collections:Collection agents:PersonName)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(collections:Collection foaf:Document)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(reification:Relationship discourse-elements:DiscourseElement)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(agents:PersonName foaf:Agent)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(collections:Item collections:Collection)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:ResearchComment discourse-elements:ResearchStatement)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(reification:Relationship agents:PersonName)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Group foaf:Person)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:ConceptScheme collections:Collection)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(qualifiers:Qualifier collections:Item)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Project foaf:OnlineAccount)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(reification:Relationship foaf:Document)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Concept foaf:OnlineAccount)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:DiscourseElement agents:PersonName)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(agents:Software foaf:Group)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Document foaf:OnlineAccount)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(qualifiers:Qualifier foaf:Agent)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:DiscourseElement foaf:Document)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Concept foaf:Project)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(collections:Collection foaf:OnlineAccount)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:OnlineAccount foaf:Project)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Collection agents:PersonName)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Document foaf:Project)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Collection foaf:Document)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(collections:Bag collections:Set)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(reification:Relationship foaf:OnlineAccount)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(collections:Collection foaf:Project)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Organization foaf:Person)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:CanonicalResearchStatement discourse-elements:ResearchQuestion)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:DiscourseElement foaf:OnlineAccount)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(reification:Relationship foaf:Project)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Concept collections:Collection)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:DiscourseElement foaf:Project)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Collection foaf:OnlineAccount)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:ResearchComment discourse-elements:ResearchQuestion)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Concept skos:Collection)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Collection foaf:Project)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:ConceptScheme reification:Relationship)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(agents:PersonName foaf:Document)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(reification:Relationship collections:Collection)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(foaf:Agent foaf:Document)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:ConceptScheme collections:Item)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(qualifiers:Qualifier agents:PersonName)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:CanonicalResearchStatement discourse-elements:ResearchComment)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:DiscourseElement collections:Collection)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(collections:Item foaf:Agent)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(qualifiers:Qualifier foaf:Document)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(agents:Software foaf:Person)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(agents:PersonName foaf:OnlineAccount)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:ConceptScheme foaf:Agent)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:ConceptScheme skos:Concept)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(skos:Collection collections:Collection)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(discourse-elements:DiscourseElement skos:Collection)
Disjoint Classes: owl:disjointWith construct is used DisjointClasses(agents:PersonName foaf:Project)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(agents:PersonName agents:Software foaf:OnlineAccount foaf:Project foaf:Document skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept reification:Relationship)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount agents:PersonName qualifiers:Qualifier)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used discourse-elements:DiscourseElement
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used agents:PersonName
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Document agents:Software agents:PersonName collections:Item skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept qualifiers:Qualifier reification:Relationship)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(collections:Item collections:Collection qualifiers:Qualifier)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount agents:PersonName collections:Item qualifiers:Qualifier)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount agents:PersonName collections:Item)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount qualifiers:Qualifier)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(agents:PersonName foaf:Agent skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept reification:Relationship)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(qualifiers:Qualifier skos:Concept skos:Collection skos:ConceptScheme)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(agents:PersonName qualifiers:Qualifier)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Document foaf:OnlineAccount discourse-elements:ResearchStatement discourse-elements:ResearchComment)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Project qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(agents:PersonName agents:Software)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Document foaf:OnlineAccount)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:Project)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:Project foaf:Document)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(agents:PersonName foaf:OnlineAccount)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:Project foaf:Document foaf:OnlineAccount)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(agents:PersonName foaf:OnlineAccount reification:Relationship)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Project discourse-elements:ResearchStatement discourse-elements:ResearchQuestion qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection reification:Relationship)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Document agents:PersonName agents:Software collections:Item collections:Collection skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept qualifiers:Qualifier reification:Relationship)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(agents:Software agents:PersonName collections:Item)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:OnlineAccount agents:PersonName collections:Item collections:Collection qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept reification:Relationship)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Agent agents:PersonName)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Document discourse-elements:ResearchStatement discourse-elements:ResearchComment qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(agents:PersonName foaf:Agent skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept qualifiers:Qualifier reification:Relationship)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(agents:PersonName foaf:Agent)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Agent agents:PersonName collections:Item)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:OnlineAccount discourse-elements:ResearchStatement discourse-elements:ResearchQuestion)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Document agents:PersonName collections:Item collections:Collection skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection skos:Concept qualifiers:Qualifier reification:Relationship)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(agents:PersonName foaf:Document)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(agents:PersonName foaf:Group foaf:Organization foaf:Person)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(collections:Item collections:Collection agents:PersonName)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(collections:Item collections:Collection)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Document qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Project qualifiers:Qualifier skos:ConceptScheme skos:Collection reification:Relationship)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used discourse-elements:DiscourseElement
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used agents:PersonName
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount agents:PersonName collections:Item)
Union Class: owl:unionOf construct is used unionOf(foaf:Project foaf:Agent foaf:OnlineAccount qualifiers:Qualifier)

For questions or suggestions related to ontology and specification documents: paolo.ciccarese at gmail.com